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- NOTE: Where it is feasible, a syllabus (headnote) will be released, as is
- being done in connection with this case, at the time the opinion is issued.
- The syllabus constitutes no part of the opinion of the Court but has been
- prepared by the Reporter of Decisions for the convenience of the reader.
- See United States v. Detroit Lumber Co., 200 U. S. 321, 337.
-
- SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES
-
- Syllabus
-
- DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA et al. v. GREATER
- WASHINGTON BOARD OF TRADE
- certiorari to the united states court of appeals for
- the district of columbia circuit
- No. 91-1326. Argued November 3, 1992-Decided December 14, 1992
-
- Section 2(c)(2) of the District of Columbia Workers' Compensation
- Equity Amendment Act of 1990 requires employers who provide
- health insurance for their employees to provide equivalent health
- insurance coverage for injured employees eligible for workers' com-
- pensation benefits. Respondent, an employer affected by this require-
- ment, filed an action in the District Court against petitioners, the
- District of Columbia and its Mayor, seeking to enjoin enforcement of
- 2(c)(2) on the ground that it is pre-empted by 514(a) of the Em-
- ployee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA), which
- provides that ERISA supersedes state laws that ``relate to any
- employee benefit plan'' covered by ERISA. Although petitioners
- conceded that 2(c)(2) relates to an ERISA-covered plan, the court
- granted their motion to dismiss. Relying on this Court's decision in
- Shaw v. Delta Air Lines, Inc., 463 U.S. 85, it held that 2(c)(2) is
- not pre-empted because it also relates to respondent's workers'
- compensation plan, which is exempt from ERISA coverage, and
- because respondent could comply with the provision by creating a
- separate unit to administer the required benefits. The Court of
- Appeals reversed, holding that pre-emption of 2(c)(2) is compelled
- by 514(a)'s plain meaning and ERISA's structure.
- Held:Section 2(c)(2) is pre-empted by ERISA. A state law ``relate[s]
- to'' a covered benefit plan for 514(a) purposes if it refers to or has
- a connection with such a plan, even if the law is not designed to
- affect the plan or the effect is only indirect. See, e. g., Ingersoll-
- Rand Co. v. McClendon, 498 U.S. 133, 139. Section 2(c)(2) mea-
- sures the required health care coverage by reference to ``the existing
- health insurance coverage,'' which is a welfare benefit plan subject
- to ERISA regulation. It does not matter that 2(c)(2)'s requirements
- also ``relate to'' ERISA-exempt workers' compensation plans, since
- ERISA's exemptions do not limit 514's pre-emptive sweep once it is
- determined that a law relates to a covered plan. See Alessi v.
- Raybestos-Manhattan, Inc., 451 U.S. 504, 525. Petitioners' reliance
- on Shaw, supra, is misplaced, since the statute at issue there did not
- ``relate to'' an ERISA-covered plan. Nor is there any support in
- Metropolitan Life Ins. Co. v. Massachusetts, 471 U.S. 724, for their
- position that 514(a) requires a two-part analysis under which a
- state law relating to an ERISA-covered plan would survive pre-
- emption if employers could comply with the law through separately
- administered exempt plans. Pp.4-7.
- 292 U.S. App. D.C. 209, 948 F.2d 1317, affirmed.
-
- Thomas, J., delivered the opinion of the Court, in which Rehnquist,
- C. J., and White, Blackmun, O'Connor, Scalia, Kennedy, and
- Souter, JJ., joined. Stevens, J., filed a dissenting opinion.
-